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Types of electromagnetic radiations.
| Types of radiation | Typical frequency(HZ) | Typical wavelength(m) | Transition |
| Gamma-rays | >3×1018 | <10-10 | Nuclear transitions |
| X-rays | 3×1018 |
| Electronic transitions ofinner shells |
| Ultraviolet light | 3×1016 | 10-8 | Electronic transitions ofvalence shells |
| Visible light | 3×1014 | 10-6 | 106transitions of valence shells |
| Infrared | 3×1010 |
| Vibrational transitions |
| Microwaves | 3xx109 | 10-1 | Rotational transitions |
| Radio waves | 3x1Os | 103 | Nuclear spin transitions |
